Here is an updated B1 classroom exercise sheet focused on technology and cybersecurity vocabulary, with an answer key. The structures are still intermediate, but the content is ICT‑oriented.[test-english]

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ENGLISH PRACTICE – TECHNOLOGY & CYBERSECURITY (B1)

Part A – Technology vocabulary

A1. Complete the sentences with the correct word from the box.

server – password – web browser – search engine – app – cloud – cybersecurity

1. Google is a that helps you find information on the internet.
2. Chrome is a that you use to visit websites.
3. You should never share your with other people.
4. Our website files are stored on a .
5. I use a banking on my phone to check my account.
6. Many people store their documents in the .
7. is the practice of protecting computers and data from attacks.

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Part B – Phrasal verbs and computer actions

B1. Complete with: log in, log out, back up, shut down, plug in, turn on.

8. Before you use your email, you have to with your username and password.
9. Don’t forget to when you finish; someone could read your messages.
10. You should your files regularly in case your laptop is stolen.
11. Please save your work and the computer.
12. The battery is low; can you the laptop?
13. It’s dark in here. Can you the projector?

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Part C – Cybersecurity vocabulary in context

C1. Choose the best word to complete each sentence.

(phishing – malware – antivirus – firewall – hacker – data breach – ransomware)

14. A is a person who tries to get into systems without permission.
15. is a type of software that can damage your computer or steal data.
16. A program helps detect and remove dangerous software.
17. A network helps block unauthorized traffic from the internet.
18. In a attack, criminals encrypt your files and ask for money.
19. A email pretends to be from a real company to steal your information.
20. A happens when sensitive information is exposed or stolen.

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Part D – Present perfect / past simple (IT incidents)

D1. Choose the correct option.

21. Our company has installed / installed a new firewall this week.
22. Last year, we had / have had a serious data breach.
23. I have just updated / just updated the antivirus software.
24. They didn’t notice / haven’t noticed the malware until yesterday.
25. We have never lost / never lost customer data because of a cyberattack.

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Part E – Modals for rules and advice (IT & security)

E1. Complete with: must, mustn’t, should, shouldn’t, have to, don’t have to.

26. Employees change their passwords every three months. (company rule)
27. You open attachments from unknown senders. (strong warning)
28. You install updates immediately; it’s better to plan them. (not necessary)
29. Users report suspicious emails to the IT department. (obligation)
30. You use the same password for all your accounts. (bad idea)

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Part F – First conditional (cybersecurity situations)

F1. Complete the sentences using the first conditional.

31. If you (click) on that link, you (install) malware on your computer.
32. If we (lose) the backup, we (have) serious problems.
33. If the server (go) down, our website (be) offline.

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Part G – Error correction (tech English)

G1. Each sentence has one mistake. Correct it.

34. I did a research on cybersecurity threats.
    → _
35. The system was hacked because the passwords was weak.
    → _
36. We didn’t made a backup before the attack.
    → _

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Part H – Short writing (email about an incident)

H1. Writing task (80–100 words)

37. Write an email to your IT manager explaining:

• what security problem happened (e.g. phishing email, infected USB, weak password),
• what you have done to solve it,
• what you will do in the future to avoid this problem.

Use at least one example of technology / cybersecurity vocabulary from Parts A–C and mix past simple, present perfect, and future (will).

Example start:
“Dear IT Manager,
Yesterday, I received an email that looked suspicious…”

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ANSWER KEY

Part A – Technology vocabulary

1. search engine[test-english]
2. web browser[test-english]
3. password[englishpracticetest]
4. server[test-english]
5. app[englishpracticetest]
6. cloud[english-practice]
7. cybersecurity[yourenglishpal]

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Part B – Phrasal verbs and computer actions

8. log in
9. log out
10. back up[englishpracticetest]
11. shut down
12. plug in
13. turn on[esl-lounge]

(These actions are typical in B1 technology vocabulary exercises.)[esl-lounge]

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Part C – Cybersecurity vocabulary in context

14. hacker[yourenglishpal]
15. malware[yourenglishpal]
16. antivirus[englishpracticetest]
17. firewall[yourenglishpal]
18. ransomware[yourenglishpal]
19. phishing[yourenglishpal]
20. data breach[yourenglishpal]

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Part D – Present perfect / past simple

21. has installed
22. had
23. have just updated
24. didn’t notice
25. have never lost

(Present perfect is used for recent events with a connection to now; past simple with finished past time.)[test-english]

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Part E – Modals for rules and advice

26. have to / must
27. mustn’t / shouldn’t
28. don’t have to
29. must / have to
30. shouldn’t / mustn’t

(Any choice that fits “obligation / prohibition / advice” is acceptable, as in B1 practice.)[esl-lounge]

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Part F – First conditional

31. If you click on that link, you will install malware on your computer.
32. If we lose the backup, we will have serious problems.
33. If the server goes down, our website will be offline.

(First conditional: If + present simple, will + base verb.)[test-english]

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Part G – Error correction

34. I did research on cybersecurity threats. / I did some research on cybersecurity threats.
35. The system was hacked because the passwords were weak.
36. We didn’t make a backup before the attack.

(“Do research”, plural agreement, and base verb after “didn’t” are standard intermediate points.)[speakspeak]

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Part H – Writing – sample model

37. Sample answer (for teacher reference):

“Dear IT Manager,
Yesterday, I received an email that asked me to reset my bank account password. At first it looked real, but I noticed the address was strange. I didn’t click on the link and I have already reported the phishing email to the security team. I have also changed my main password and updated my antivirus. In the future, I will check the sender’s address more carefully and I will not open attachments from unknown people.”

This meets B1 criteria (clear, coherent, correct basic structures, and relevant tech vocabulary).[english4tutors]

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If you want, I can create a second sheet focused only on speaking activities about AI, BIM, and cybersecurity